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GODS, SANCTUARIES AND TEMPLES The Parthenon
The Parthenon was built between 447 bc and 438 bc and the sculptures around the roof line (the frieze) were finished in 432 bc in honour of Athena, the goddess that looked after Athens.
The sculptures show the birth of Athena and the fight for the right to look after the city of Athens.
Inside the Parthenon, there was a statue of Athena over 10 metres high, made of pure ivory and gold.
The Parthenon was blown apart by a war between the Turks and the Venetians in 1687 and its central room, the cella, no longer exists. Nevertheless, the parts that remain show it to be one of the most beautiful buildings ever made.
The golden rectangle
A golden rectangle has sides in the proportions 16 to 10. Pythagoras,
the ancient Greek mathematician, is thought to have discovered the shape of the golden rectangle. Many ancient buildings (including
the Parthenon) have proportions similar to golden rectangles.
Theatre
The Acropolis of Athens
The most famous sanctuary from ancient Greek times is the Acropolis at Athens. It is an area of white limestone rock that was turned into a sanctuary enclosed and protected by a wall.
The way in was through a massive gatehouse. Inside the sanctuary three principle temples were built. The greatest of these is one of the world’s most instantly recognisable buildings: the Parthenon.
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