You may be wondering why we have not mentioned galleons yet.
Galleons were really just large carracks designed for fighting battles (and popular with pirates, too). They had lots of cannon and less room in their holds. They had no forecastle. They had more sail so they could go faster (useful when both attacking and retreating).
In fact, in later centuries these would be the merchant ship designs of choice, but they were not used that way in Tudor times.
