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Protecting yourself from the sea
Sea defences can protect people living on the coast – at least for a while. But they can be both ugly and expensive.
The coast is one of the most densely settled parts of many countries. People prefer to build their houses facing the sea. But, as
we have seen, in many places the sea is continually eroding the land. Where the rocks are soft, erosion is fast, and people are often in danger of losing their homes.
To prevent the loss of homes, sea walls and other types of sea defences are built (picture ).
Sea walls
When people think of sea defences, they often think of sea walls. A sea wall is built to take the full force of storm waves and protect people living behind it. Sea walls are very expensive to build. Unfortunately, no matter how much money is spent,
it is difficult to build a sea wall that can stand up to the fiercest of the waves, so walls have to be rebuilt time after time (picture 2 and pages 12–13).
Beach fences
If you look at many coastal areas with wide beaches, you will see fences running out to sea. These fences are called groynes (see page 29 and picture 3). They are there to hold the sand in place and make the beach
 2 Storm waves breaking over a sea wall.
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G  Sea walls and groynes have been built at the bottom of many cliffs.