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Bays
When there are hard and soft rocks along a coast, the soft rocks get worn away to make bays, while the hard rocks are left standing out as headlands.
Bays are hollowed-out parts of the coast (picture ), formed where softer rocks are found. Very small bays are called coves.
The size of a bay depends on how much of the coast contains soft rocks.
Bays are more sheltered from storm waves than headlands. At the back of a bay, it is common to find a wide, gently-sloping beach (picture 2). There may also be sand dunes (see page 27).
Wide bays
Wide bays, such as those shown in picture 2 and picture  a, are the most common type of bay around the coast. They are found where bands of soft rock are exposed to the sea.
  There are two types of bay: those which are open to the sea (A), and those which are almost circular (B).
A
A
B
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G 2 This is a bay on the Gower near Swansea, seen at low tide. The wide sandy beach is very clear. The headland in the distance stands out in deep water and has no beach.