Letting light through

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Q1: Why have people stained some of the glass, but not painted it with a thick paint?

[Answer]

Some materials let light through them. When these materials are perfectly clear, they are called transparent. If you cannot see clearly through them, they are translucent.

You can see the difference in a stained glass window. You cannot see through the coloured parts of the glass – they are translucent, but the clear parts are transparent.