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Hawking, Stephen
One of the most famous of modern scientists, Stephen Hawking
(born 1942) developed the
theories of Einstein and others
to try to explain such things as black holes. In 1988 he wrote
the popular science book A Brief History of Time, which is about the development of the Universe. This book has sold more copies than any other science book.
Helene
One of Saturn’s moons, sharing the same orbit as the moon Dione. It is a tiny world fewer than 40km across. It was discovered by the Voyager 1 probe in 1980.
Heliosphere
The region around the Sun in which the solar wind blows.
Helium star
The core of a once massive star. It has collapsed to produce a supernova explosion.
Herschel, Caroline
The first well-known woman astronomer. Born in Germany, Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) moved to England to help her brother produce a new precision telescope. She discovered several comets and nebulae.
Herschel, (Frederik) William
Born in Germany, (Frederik) William Herschel (1738-1822) lived in England. He was famous for observations made with his own design of telescopes. They were developed with his sister, Caroline. In 1781 he discovered Uranus.
He later built the world’s largest telescope up to that time. With it he was able to discover many binary stars and nebulae. He was the first to realize that our galaxy was a flattened disk. He discovered that stars emit infrared radiation, an important property used today to help map stars.
Hoyle, Sir Fred
An English astronomer (born 1915) who put forward a theory
of a steady state Universe in
which the same amount of matter was continually being created as destroyed. This theory challenged the Big Bang theory, but was eventually discarded in favor of the Big Bang. Hoyle actually coined the term “Big Bang.” He has written many popular astronomy and science fiction books.
Hubble, Edwin
Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) was an American astronomer who specialized in studying galaxies, and who laid the foundations
for their classification. Hubble
also studied the speed at which
the Universe is expanding. The Hubble Space Telescope is named after him.
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
A reflecting telescope built by NASA and ESA (the European Space Agency) and launched in 1990 to allow better observation of distant galaxies. It orbits 600km above the Earth’s surface.
 Hubble Space Telescope (HST)—Originally sent into orbit with faulty optics, but now corrected and sending back spectacularly clear pictures of deep space.
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