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Binoculars
The objective lens has a bulging shape to gather light. The bigger the objective lens, the better it is at light gathering. Lightcomesthroughtheobjectivelensand is turned upside down and back to front. As it is bounced through the prisms, the light is turned so that we see an upright image again.
Second glass prism
Path of light
 Binoculars – The diagram shows how binoculars use prisms to shorten the length of the sighting tubes and so make the binoculars more compact and easier to use.
Prism
Binoculars
Paired telescopes that use prisms to bend the light back on itself and so reduce the length of the sighting tube.
The key to this is to use a
pair of prisms in each sighting tube. Each sighting tube is focused separately by rotating the eyepiece. The focal length of the sighting tubes is also adjustable using the knurled centre wheel.
Bioluminescence
The way in which some animals are able to create light by chemical reactions in the surface cells of their bodies. Fireflies and other insects are examples.
First glass prism
These pieces of glass are made in a triangular shape. They are called prisms. They behave just like mirrors and bounce the light from the objective lens. Prisms do not bounce all of the light, and some is absorbed in the glass. That is why binoculars do not give as bright a view as a telescope.
Path of light
The small lens of the eyepiece brings the light into focus at the eye.
Prism
Brass
Any wind instrument in which
the lips of the player are used
to set up vibrations in the instrument (see: Resonance). The lips are placed against a cup-shaped mouthpiece and are used in the same way as a reed. Instruments like the trumpet are usually made of brass or other metal.
Brightness
The amount of light that a source appears to give out, or that is reflected from a surface. It is measured in candelas.
C
C
A symbol used in mathematical equations for the speed of light
or the speed of sound (so you have to know which of them
you are talking about). The most famous equation using the symbol is Einstein’s theory of relativity, built around the equation:
e = mc2 where
e = energy, m = mass and c = the speed of light.
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