How plants defend themselves

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Q1: How do nettles and brambles protect themselves?

[Answer]

Some plants have poisons in their leaves so that hungry animals will avoid them. Others, such as roses, surround themselves with sharp spines or thorns. Still others, such as nettles, have poisons held in tiny needles.

If all this fails, and the leaves still get eaten or the branches destroyed by wind or fire, then plants will grow new shoots from just below the damaged area.