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Bond
also a tracer in medicine (X-rays can trace a ‘barium meal’).
It also helps make a brilliant white colouring substance for paint. Barium nitrate produces the green colour in signal
flares and in fireworks.
Berkelium (Bk)
Element 97 on the periodic table. An artificial element in the actinide series. It was discovered in 1949 by Stanley Thompson, Albert Ghiorso and Glenn Seaborg when they bombarded americium with helium ions. It is named after the University of California at Berkeley. All of the isotopes of berkelium
are radioactive. No one has ever seen metallic berkelium, but it is expected to be a silvery metal similar to others in the actinide series.
Beryllium (Be)
Element 4 on the periodic table. Beryllium is a brittle, steel-grey metal. It is one of the alkaline- earth metals (group 2 elements).
It is found combined in nature in the mineral beryl. Beryllium in metal alloys adds hardness.
 Bismuth – Crystals of bismuth can be created artificially.
Bismuth (Bi)
Element 83 on the periodic table. The most metallic of the elements in group 5 (the nitrogen group).
Bismuth was first described in 1450 by the German monk Basil Valentine. Bismuth compounds
were traditionally used for digestive problems and for skin
ailments.
Bismuth is hard, brittle
and grey-white. It is used to make low melting point alloys and in
solders and the triggers in automatic sprinkler heads.
Bohrium (Bh)
Element 107 on the periodic table. An artificial
radioactive element, (also called unnilseptium – Uns), belonging to the transition metals.
It was discovered in 1976 at
the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia. It has no practical uses. Bohrium is a transuranium element.
Bond
The force that holds together atoms or molecules.
There are a number of types
of bond, such as covalent bonds, ionic bonds, metallic bonds and hydrogen bonds. Some are strong (covalent and ionic bonds) and some are weak (hydrogen bonds).
Chemical bonds form molecules because the linked particles are more stable than the unlinked particles. For example, the hydrogen molecule (H2) is more stable than single atoms of hydrogen, so hydrogen gas is always found as two molecules
of two bonded atoms. (See also: Valency.)
 Beryllium – The most common natural compound of beryllium is the mineral beryl (beryllium aluminium silicate).
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